MongoDB¶

MongoDB is the official PECL extension that provides the low-level driver for connecting PHP to MongoDB, a document-oriented NoSQL database. The extension itself is intentionally thin: it handles the wire protocol, connection pooling, and BSON encoding and decoding, while the higher-level, user-facing API is provided by the mongodb/mongodb Composer library built on top of it.

Documents are represented as BSON, a binary superset of JSON that adds types such as ObjectId, Date, and Decimal128. The extension exposes classes such as MongoDB\Driver\Manager for connecting, and MongoDB\Driver\Query and MongoDB\Driver\BulkWrite for reading and writing, though most applications interact with the friendlier MongoDB\Client class from the Composer package instead.

This driver replaced the older, now unsupported mongo PECL extension, which was deprecated because its API predated MongoDB’s modern write-concern and server-selection semantics.

<?php

    // Requires composer require mongodb/mongodb, which depends on ext-mongodb.
    $client = new MongoDB\Client('mongodb://localhost:27017');

    $collection = $client->test->users;
    $collection->insertOne(['name' => 'Ada', 'role' => 'engineer']);

    foreach ($collection->find(['role' => 'engineer']) as $user) {
        echo $user['name'] . PHP_EOL;
    }

?>

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MongoDB¶

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